This issue of the JEI tackles the many questions around data and sustainable investing.  Lack of universal standard, subjectivity, and inconsistency of measurement and disclosure are just a few of the challenges addressed in the many white papers herein.  Beyond that, several papers discuss what data investors need, but are not getting, and suggest areas for improvement.  And yet, for all of the shortcomings of the data, several other papers discuss various ways that imperfect data can still deliver value for investors.  Overall, a very good overview for anybody interesting in understanding the strengths and weaknesses of sustainability data.

http://www.thejei.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Journal-of-Environmental-Investing-8-No.-1.rev_-1.pdf